Independence is a vital part of childhood development. Being able to say, “I can do it myself!” build this independence. There child learns task initiation, sequencing, sustained effort and concentration, and task completion in this area. The activities develop the very eye-hand coordination that will be needed soon for writing. Socialization also progresses because through their own experience the children learn not only to respect the work and concentration of others, but also to help when asked.
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Maths in Montessori is founded in the basic sensorial and practical life exercises that teach order, sequence, and discrimination. From there it is a relatively natural progression into number concepts and their operations, geometric shapes and their properties, and the solution of problems through manipulation of concrete models. The difference in Montessori is that mathematics is not taught from abstract as it is in the traditional school system, and so a child grasps concrete concepts first, that he “abstracts” in later years.

engrossed with these materials, repeating an exercise over and over again until he is satisfied that he has mastered the work. Sensorial activities are the necessary concrete grounding to progress into Maths and Language.

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The introduction of geography begins sensorially with the differentiation of land and water on a tactile globe, then abstracts to two dimensional puzzle maps. Classification is then introduced via Cards. As a MontessoriHelper premium member you can access all our related nomenclature cards and interactive apps you will need for this purpose. Children learn to identify geographical features, continents and countries. They learn about flags, capitals, and the cultures associated with continents and countries. Awareness of culture based on geography at a young age enhances a child’s understanding of culture and diversity.

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Botany is learnt through classification primarily. As a MontessoriHelper premium member you can access all our related nomenclature cards and interactive apps you will need for this purpose. Children love to name “parts of things” and in surprising detail. Most children also have a keen interest in learning about the plant kingdom, and enjoy learning about the differences between plants and their parts and what makes them different.

Physical Science can be introduced to children at a very young age as it involves experimentation, and children love to explore the world they live in. Many of the Lessons are hands on and very concrete in delivery. The child can extrapolate many abstract concepts from this concrete basis in later years.

Rather than being treated as “special subjects” set apart from the rest of the curriculum, music and art, are integrated throughout the Montessori curriculum. Discrimination of tones and colors, extended from the sensorial materials into exercises with bells, paints or colored papers. Control of scissors, brushes, or strikers also grows out of practical life exercises. There is also a wonderful progression in Art appreciation to discover in this area.